The Late Medieval History of Italy - 6-15-2026

The year is 1000 AD. The muslim caliphate of Fatmid controls Sicily, Sardinia is divided in between the four kingdoms of Gallura, Logudoro, Arborea, and Calari. The duchy of Salerno still stands in southern Italy, Byzantium controls Calabria, Bari, and Foggia; north of Foggia is the duchy of Benevento, the city of Naples is an independent state, to the west is the Papacy, the most serene republic of Venice spreads with a colony on the nearby Pula peninsula, and the Holy Roman Empire controls the rest of Italy and Corsica. Italy was divided at this time. In 1003 AD, Pisa became a prominent duchy after fighting a successful war with Lucca. In 1047 AD, an independent state was formed out of Byzantium's territory in Foggia. In 1060 AD, the unnamed Norman duchy, conquered Byzantine Calabria. In 1062 AD, the Normans began to invade Sicily from the muslims, creating the independent state of Sicily. In 1065 AD, the Normans conquered more territory. In 1072 AD, the Normans conquered Bari from Byzantium, the last Byzantine controlled city in Italy, so the Byzantines were kicked out and the Normans established the kingdom of Sicily in Sicily and southern Italy. In 1073 AD, Sicily conquered Palermo from Fatmid. In 1076 AD, Pisa gained control of Corsica. In 1078 AD, Sicily conquered Salerno. In 1097 AD, Genoa became a prominent state in Italy. In 1106 AD, Sicily gained control of some land south of Ancona. In 1111 AD, the Papacy gained control of a little territory to the northwest. In 1135 AD, Sicily led a conquest into Zirid to the south. In 1138 AD, Sicily conquered Naples. In 1149 AD, Zirid reconquered its land. In 1190 AD, Genoa allowed England to use their white flag with a red cross to sail safely in the Mediteranea sea and they also expanded their territory. In 1197 AD, the Holy Roman Empire conquered Sicily. In 1199 AD, pope guilty gained control of Ancona. In 1203 AD, Venice conquered the city of Zadar from Hungary. In 1208 AD, Pisa conquered Gallura. In 1238 AD, the Papacy lost control of Ancona. In 1259 AD, Pisa conquered Calari. In 1267 AD, Sicily was taken over by an Angevin. In 1278 AD, the Papacy got control of Urbino and Bologna. In 1283 AD, Aragon conquered the island of Sicily and the rest of the kingdom became known as Naples. In 1285 AD, Genoa got control of Corsica and possibly of a part of Sardinia (if not now, it was earlier). In 1324 AD, Aragon conquered Sardinia. In 1336 AD, Venice got control of lands to the north and the black plague was ravaging Europe. In 1383 AD, Florence brushed off its pants after quelling a rebellion of wool workers and disenfranshised laborers. In 1396 AD, someone bought the title as the duke of Milan from a Bohemian beginning the Visconti dynasty in Milan and making Milan a prominent duchy in the Holy Roman Empire. In 1398 AD, Milan rapidly expanded its territory and declared war on Florence. In 1405 AD, Venice expanded its territory into the Veneto and Siena became a prominent duchy in the Holy Roman Empire. In 1407 AD, Florence captured Pisa. In 1417 AD, the Holy Roman Emperor, Sigismund, declared Savoy as a duchy and it became a prominent Holy Roman duchy. In 1420 AD, Venice and the Ottoman empire signed a peace trearty and Venice expanded its territory. In 1427 AD, Venice got a chunk of Milan's territory. In 1443, Aragon conquered Naples. In 1480 AD, Castile and Aragon formed a union forming Spain. In 1486 AD, Venice tried to invade Ferara but failed. In 1495 AD, France conquered Spanish Naples and reinstated the kingdom of Naples. In 1500 AD, France conquered Milan and gave some of its territory to smaller duchies but took the majority. For more history of Italy, see the next paragraph! -- Written by Vikenait Productions 🌍